Zinaida, 60, who worked as an engineer before retiring, shows her medicines as she talks with AFP journalist in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

Viktor Markov, 75-year-old retired stands with his wife in front of their house after after a modest food shopping in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

Zinaida, 60, who worked as an engineer before retiring, speaks with AFP journalist in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

A street market's vendor prepares her food before selling it in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

A vendor sells clothes at a street market in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

(FILES) Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy (L) and CNPF President Yvon Gattaz (R) meet at the Hotel Matignon on the subject of business costs, during a "government-employers" day in Paris on April 15, 1982. Yvon Gattaz, who was the boss of employers under Mitterrand, died on December 11, 2024 night at the age of 99, his family told AFP on December 12, 2024. (Photo by PIERRE CLEMENT / AFP) (Photo by PIERRE CLEMENT/AFP via Getty Images)

This photograph shows a city view with old and new residential buildings in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)

This photograph shows writing on a wall of a residential building reading "Shelter" in a small town in the Moscow region, on November 21, 2024. Under the impact of the explosion of military orders, inflation is expected to approach 9% at the end of the year. The cost of credit, the engine of Russia's economic growth, has become prohibitive. To combat inflation, the Russian Central Bank (RBC) raised the reference rate to 21% at the end of October and "is considering" a new increase on 20 December, said the institution's director, Elvira Nabiullina. (Photo by Natalia KOLESNIKOVA / AFP) (Photo by NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP via Getty Images)