New German Finance Minister Joerg Kukies reads his oath of office held by President of the Bundestag (lower house of parliament) Baerbel Bas during his swearing-in at the Bundestag, Germany's lower house of parliament, in Berlin on November 7, 2024. The day before, the German Chancellor sacked Finance minister Christian Lindner, from the pro-business Free Democrats FDP, leading to the breakdown of his three-party coalition government. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)

Germany's Chancellor Olaf Scholz listens as the German President (unseen) speaks before handing the dismissal orders to ministers and a certificate of appointment, at the presidential Bellevue Palace in Berlin on November 7, 2024. The day before, the German Chancellor sacked Finance minister Christian Lindner, from the pro-business Free Democrats FDP, leading to the breakdown of his three-party coalition government. (Photo by RALF HIRSCHBERGER / AFP) (Photo by RALF HIRSCHBERGER/AFP via Getty Images)

New German Finance Minister Joerg Kukies shakes hands with President of the Bundestag (lower house of parliament) Baerbel Bas during his swearing-in at the Bundestag, Germany's lower house of parliament, in Berlin on November 7, 2024. The day before, the German Chancellor sacked Finance minister Christian Lindner, from the pro-business Free Democrats FDP, leading to the breakdown of his three-party coalition government. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)

Mayor of Toulouse, Jean Luc Moudenc (Centre-R) and Mayor of Colomiers, Karine Traval-Michelet (2nd R) take part in a rally in the courtyard of the Occitanie prefecture to protest against the budget cuts announced by the French government in Toulouse, wouthwestern France, on November 7, 2024. (Photo by Lionel BONAVENTURE / AFP) (Photo by LIONEL BONAVENTURE/AFP via Getty Images)

Mayor of Toulouse, Jean Luc Moudenc (C) and Mayor of Colomiers, Karine Traval-Michelet (R) take part in a rally in the courtyard of the Occitanie prefecture to protest against the budget cuts announced by the French government in Toulouse, wouthwestern France, on November 7, 2024. (Photo by Lionel BONAVENTURE / AFP) (Photo by LIONEL BONAVENTURE/AFP via Getty Images)

The honorary chairman of the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party Alexander Gauland reads as he waits for the swearing-in of the new Finance Minister at the Bundestag, Germany's lower house of parliament, in Berlin on November 7, 2024. The day before, the German Chancellor sacked Finance minister Christian Lindner, from the pro-business Free Democrats FDP, leading to the breakdown of his three-party coalition government. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)

German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier gives a speech as Germany's Chancellor Olaf Scholz (L) and German Finance Minister Christian Lindner look at each other at the presidential Bellevue Palace in Berlin on November 7, 2024. The day before, the German Chancellor sacked Finance minister Christian Lindner, from the pro-business Free Democrats FDP, leading to the breakdown of his three-party coalition government. (Photo by RALF HIRSCHBERGER / AFP) (Photo by RALF HIRSCHBERGER/AFP via Getty Images)

New Finance Minister Joerg Kukies waits to get the certificate of appointment by the German President at the presidential Bellevue Palace in Berlin on November 7, 2024. The day before, the German Chancellor sacked Finance minister Christian Lindner, from the pro-business Free Democrats FDP, leading to the breakdown of his three-party coalition government. (Photo by RALF HIRSCHBERGER / AFP) (Photo by RALF HIRSCHBERGER/AFP via Getty Images)