Mayor of Leeuwarden and member of the Dutch conservative party Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) Sybrand Buma (C), Dutch election winner and Dutch social liberal and centre left D66 party leader Rob Jetten (2nd L) and CDA party member Henri Bontenbal (L) speak with Chair of the Association of Netherlands Municipalities Sharon Dijksma, professor of Housing Systems, Delft University of Technology Peter Boelhouwer, architect and professor of Architectural Design, Delft University of Technology Winy Maas, and chair of Bouwend Nederland (Dutch Construction Association) Arno Visser during a meeting about the theme of housing and space, at The Hague, on November 18, 2025. (Photo by Jeroen Jumelet / ANP / AFP) / Netherlands OUT (Photo by JEROEN JUMELET/ANP/AFP via Getty Images)

German Minister for Digitalization and State Modernization Karsten Wildberger (first row, 4th L), the European Union's Executive Vice-President for Tech Sovereignty, Security and Democracy Henna Virkkunen (first row, 4th R), France's Minister Delegate for Artificial Intelligence Anne Le Henanff (first row, 2nd L) and othter participants pose for a family photo during a summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at a Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by Odd ANDERSEN / AFP) (Photo by ODD ANDERSEN/AFP via Getty Images)

European Union's Executive Vice-President for Tech Sovereignty, Security and Democracy Henna Virkkunen arrives for a family photo of the summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at a Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by Odd ANDERSEN / AFP) (Photo by ODD ANDERSEN/AFP via Getty Images)

(First row) France's Economy and Finance Roland Lescure (L), German Minister for Digitalization and State Modernization Karsten Wildberger (2nd L), European Union's Executive Vice-President for Tech Sovereignty, Security and Democracy Henna Virkkunen (2nd R) chat prior to the family photo of the summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at a Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by Odd ANDERSEN / AFP) (Photo by ODD ANDERSEN/AFP via Getty Images)

German Minister for Digitalization and State Modernization Karsten Wildberger (L) stands next to France's Minister Delegate for Artificial Intelligence Anne Le Henanff (C) and plays with the model of a wind turbine as they get explanations on the blueprint of a smart city during a summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at a Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)

France's Minister Delegate for Artificial Intelligence Anne Le Henanff (C-R) and German Minister for Digitalization and State Modernization Karsten Wildberger (C-L) look at the the model of a smart city with a wind turbine and listen to Ulrich Ahle (R) giving explanations on the project during a summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at a Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)

France's Minister Delegate for Artificial Intelligence Anne Le Henanff (R) and German Minister for Digitalization and State Modernization Karsten Wildberger address a press conference during a summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at a Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)

Member of the German Bundestag Thomas Jarzombek (CDU, L) holds up his smartphone for a selfie with the German Minister for Digitalization and State Modernization Karsten Wildberger and the European Union's Executive Vice-President for Tech Sovereignty, Security and Democracy Henna Virkkunen during a summit on Europe's technological sovereignty, on November 18, 2025 at the EUREF Campus in Berlin. The German Chancellor and the French President will join forces to push for greater European digital "sovereignty" and less dependence on US tech titans as the AI race gathers pace. The leaders of Europe's biggest economies will make the call at the Berlin summit, which will also be attended by CEOs of top regional firms including French AI company Mistral and German software giant SAP. With artificial intelligence set to play an increasingly important role in many sectors, Europe's leaders are responding to growing calls for the continent to take greater control of its own digital destiny. (Photo by John MACDOUGALL / AFP) (Photo by JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP via Getty Images)